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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”' d: w$ Z* q5 C3 I4 w
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:$ g1 T- z( r* ~2 r+ f9 K
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
9 `* ?6 n4 x, R2 l- O4 B 不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:" v2 J+ m0 q) ]* \& x4 n: z* g
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
# F- l6 _! s$ u/ E 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
$ ^' r. t# _, J' `$ ^- W+ s 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
0 ^& U2 z! N" F. w Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:2 G( z5 ~9 w1 p3 U. |$ S/ T$ a! _& S
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:+ m, {3 Y9 _2 N( |5 Q; Y% ]
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.' f* U V2 d& Y: v: [' M Y, S
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
( k6 C$ j! E- U$ C0 t5 D( n5 e C3 _ Ⅱ表示“反意见”:) m5 H$ _0 g0 J d' Y8 ?
But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:6 I+ Y# `0 o" H) J. N3 v. p
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
7 Z* |* |2 p. O9 @) `2 E ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.8 Y' V* a' n+ t/ o* N6 l
Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:: S1 p$ d+ ?, [, Q3 k2 ~
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
/ y$ D5 [9 u& }4 H/ y- v; k ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.* M( D9 A L9 r- e3 d) P3 A
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.* E0 [& T- z5 d: v o
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
# O) Y( |' k' a4 H) ? Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:, ^9 c5 C- z8 V6 d& Q, J
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.* x5 \4 ^! S) v5 Y5 P3 s
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
7 \! g' {# w5 ^: K" t" z% l Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
1 Q8 o9 x& I; ]! i* D# n For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:
/ h2 D5 f8 l6 r/ w* S ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen". A' D# x" p, s' ~9 F
Ⅵ表示“结束”:$ N! z# t: s5 X: u" d! x6 P
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
8 L. r' B U& T* v ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.# e4 H; {# k2 n/ N
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